In this category, we present our scientific articles about spray measurement technology, particle characterization, and optical diagnostics. These publications show selected research results, measurement principles, and technical developments from our work with droplets, particles, sprays, and complex multiphase flows. The main focus lies on optical spray diagnostics based on the TSTOF measurement principle. This technology is known through several related systems and methods, including SpraySpy®, SprayQuantAI®, and ParticleTensorAI®.
The articles include both classical measurement approaches and AI-assisted solutions. Topics include droplet sizing, particle detection, velocity measurement, light scattering analysis, spray monitoring, signal evaluation, and industrial process control.
Here you can find selected peer-reviewed publications and scientific articles related to our technologies. For more information, videos, and updates, please visit our social media channels.
Dynamische Spraymesstechnik für die Nasslackierung In BESSER LACKIEREN 12/2026 ist der Artikel „Sprühstrahl dynamisch messen“ erschienen. Der Bericht zeigt eine neue Methode der dynamischen Spraymesstechnik für die manuelle Nasslackierung. Dabei…
A new article has been published in the JOT Journal für Oberflächentechnik / Springer Professional. It titled “Neues optisches Messverfahren für Rotationszerstäuber”, introduces a new optical measurement approach for determining…
Manual spray painting remains one of the most demanding tasks in industrial surface coating. It requires experience, precise hand movement, and a deep understanding of paint material, spray gun settings,…
This scientific article presents an AI-assisted method for determining the refractive index and mass concentration of individual spray droplets. The method uses TSTOF light scattering signals and machine learning to…
本ページでは、Journal of Japan Coating Technology Association に掲載された TSTOF測定法に関する技術報告書を紹介します。本論文では、スプレー特性評価のための光学計測技術を取り上げ、特に TSTOF測定法の技術的基礎、歴史的発展、および他のレーザー計測法との比較に焦点を当てています。 TSTOF は Time-Shift Time-of-Flight の略称です。この測定法では、液滴または粒子が光学的な測定領域を通過するときに発生する光散乱信号を解析します。そのため、スプレー中の液滴径、粒子径、速度、およびスプレー挙動に関する情報を取得できます。 Schaefer, W., Li, L., Stegmann, P., & Terada, M. (2026). TSTOF測定法に関する技術報告書：第一部 ─ 技術的基礎、歴史的発展、および他のレーザー測定法との比較. Journal of Coatings…
In this scientific paper , we discussed the decisive differences between the TSTOF measurement technique and other laser-based measurement technologies for droplet, particle, and spray characterization. The paper shows the…
This scientific article presents an optical spray measurement method for monitoring high-mass-concentration slurry spray. The work focuses on dynamic slurry droplets that contain a base fluid and suspended solid particles.…
This scientific article presents a machine learning approach for particle characterization in a flow. The method analyzes light scattering signals from the TSTOF measurement technique. This technique is also known…
A pneumatic atomizer creates a spray by using air to atomize a liquid into fine droplets. This type of atomizer plays an important role in painting, coating, spray drying, and…
At OPC 2014 – International Conference on Optical Particle Characterization, held from 10 to 14 March 2014 in Tokyo, Japan, Walter Schäfer and Cameron Tropea presented the conference paper “The…
